Splenic artery steal syndrome (SASS) is a rare complication that can occur after liver transplantation. It is caused by increased blood flow to the spleen through the splenic artery, which can result in decreased blood flow to the liver and compromise liver function. SASS can occur when the splenic artery is used to revascularize the liver graft during transplantation.
Embolization of the splenic artery is a minimally invasive procedure that can be used to treat SASS. During the procedure, a catheter is inserted through a small incision in the groin and guided to the splenic artery under X-ray guidance. Tiny embolic agents, such as coils or liquid embolic agents, are then injected through the catheter to block the blood flow to the splenic artery and decrease blood flow to the spleen. This reduces the risk of SASS and can improve liver function.
Embolization of the splenic artery is generally considered a safe and effective treatment for SASS after liver transplantation. However, as with any medical procedure, there are potential risks and complications associated with embolization, such as bleeding, infection, damage to the surrounding tissue, or unintended embolization of other blood vessels. The decision to undergo embolization should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider, taking into consideration factors such as the severity of SASS, the patient’s overall health, and their individual treatment goals.