Partial splenic embolization (PSE) is a minimally invasive procedure that is used to treat portal hypertension and hypersplenism by reducing blood flow to the spleen. The spleen plays an important role in filtering the blood and removing old or damaged red blood cells. In patients with portal hypertension or hypersplenism, the spleen can become enlarged and overactive, leading to a decrease in the number of circulating blood cells and increased pressure in the portal vein.
During PSE, a catheter is inserted through a small incision in the groin and guided to the splenic artery under X-ray guidance. Tiny embolic agents, such as PVA particles or coils, are then injected through the catheter to block blood flow to a portion of the spleen, reducing its size and function. The goal of PSE is to decrease the size of the functional spleen and improve blood counts while preserving its ability to filter the blood.
PSE is generally considered a safe and effective treatment for portal hypertension and hypersplenism. The procedure can improve blood counts and reduce the risk of bleeding and other complications associated with portal hypertension. However, as with any medical procedure, there are potential risks and complications associated with PSE, such as infection or non target embolization. The decision to undergo PSE should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider.