Carotico-cavernous fistula (CCF) embolization is a minimally invasive procedure that is used to treat an abnormal connection between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus, a venous structure located behind the eye. This connection can cause blood to flow directly from the carotid artery into the cavernous sinus, leading to a range of symptoms including proptosis (bulging of the eye), diplopia (double vision), and bruit (audible sound).
CCF embolization involves the insertion of a catheter through the femoral artery in the groin and navigating it up to the carotid artery. A special embolic agent, such as coils, glue, or liquid embolic agents, is then introduced through the catheter to block the abnormal connection between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus, restoring normal blood flow and alleviating the associated symptoms.
The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia with sedation and patients may need to stay in the hospital overnight for observation. Complications from CCF embolization are rare but can include damage to surrounding structures, bleeding, or stroke.
Overall, CCF embolization is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with carotico-cavernous fistula and can provide significant relief of symptoms.