An aortic aneurysm is a weakened and bulging area in the wall of the aorta, the largest artery in the body. An aortic dissection occurs when there is a tear in the inner layer of the aorta, which can cause blood to flow between the layers of the artery wall, creating a false channel. Both of these conditions can be life-threatening if left untreated. Two common treatments for aortic aneurysm and dissection are endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR).
EVAR:
- EVAR is a minimally invasive procedure that involves inserting a stent graft into the weakened area of the aorta to provide support and prevent rupture.
- During the procedure, a small incision is made in the groin and a catheter is inserted into an artery and guided to the site of the aneurysm.
- The stent graft is then placed into the aorta, and once in position, it is released and expands to fit the contours of the artery.
- The procedure can usually be performed under local anesthesia, and patients typically experience less pain and a quicker recovery time than with open surgery.
TEVAR:
- TEVAR is similar to EVAR, but it specifically targets the thoracic aorta, the part of the aorta that runs through the chest.
- Like EVAR, TEVAR involves the insertion of a stent graft through a small incision in the groin, but the graft is designed to fit the contours of the thoracic aorta.
- The procedure can be performed under local anesthesia, and patients typically experience less pain and a quicker recovery time than with open surgery.
Benefits of EVAR and TEVAR:
- Both procedures are minimally invasive and can be performed under local anesthesia, resulting in less pain and a quicker recovery time than with open surgery.
- They can be effective in preventing rupture of an aneurysm or further tearing of a dissection.
- They can be performed on patients who may not be candidates for open surgery due to other medical conditions or advanced age.
Potential risks of EVAR and TEVAR:
- As with any medical procedure, there are potential risks and complications associated with EVAR and TEVAR, including bleeding, infection, stroke, and damage to nearby blood vessels or organs.
- There is also a risk of stent graft migration or failure, which may require further intervention or open surgery.
- Follow-up imaging and monitoring is necessary to ensure the success of the procedure and to detect any potential complications.